Shingles

Shingles, also known as herpes zoster, is a viral infection that causes a painful rash, usually on one side of the body. It's caused by the varicella-zoster virus, which is the same virus that causes chickenpox.

Causes

1. Reactivation of the varicella-zoster virus, which remains dormant in nerve cells after a person has had chickenpox.

2. Weakened immune system, such as in older adults or those with chronic illnesses.

3. Stress, fatigue, or certain medications.

Symptoms

1. Painful rash, usually on one side of the body

2. Burning, tingling, or numbness before the rash appears

3. Redness, swelling, and blistering

4. Fever, headache, and fatigue

Treatments

1. Antiviral medications:

  • Acyclovir (Zovirax)

  • Valacyclovir (Valtrex)

  • Famciclovir (Famvir)

2. Pain management:

  • Over-the-counter pain relievers (e.g., acetaminophen, ibuprofen)

  • Prescription pain medications (e.g., gabapentin, pregabalin)

3. Topical creams:

  • Calamine lotion

  • Capzasin cream

4. Rest and relaxation

Prevention

1. Shingles vaccine (Zostavax or Shingrix):

  • Recommended for adults 50 and older

  • Can reduce the risk of shingles by 50%

2. Practice good hygiene:

  • Wash hands frequently

  • Avoid close contact with others

3. Manage stress:

  • Engage in stress-reducing activities (e.g., meditation, yoga)

  • Get enough sleep and exercise

4. Keep your immune system strong:

  • Eat a healthy diet

  • Stay hydrated